沙伯基础 PC-ABS C7410

硅铁

硅铁是以焦炭、钢屑、石英(或硅石)为原料，用电炉冶炼制成的。硅和氧很容易化合成二氧化硅。所以硅铁常用于炼钢作脱氧剂，同时由于SIO2生成时放出大量的热，在脱氧同时，对提高钢水温度也是有利的。硅铁作为合金元素加入剂。

广泛用于低合金结构钢、合结钢、弹簧钢、轴承钢、耐热钢及电工硅钢之中，以外硅铁在铁合金生产及化学工业中，常用作还原剂。含硅量达95%--99%。纯硅常用制造单晶硅或配制有色金属合金。

锰铁

锰铁是以锰矿石为原料。在高炉或电炉中熔炼而成的。锰铁也是钢中常用的脱氧剂，锰还有脱硫和减少硫的有害影响的作用。因而在各种钢和铸铁中，几乎都含有一定数量的锰。锰铁还作为重要的合金剂。广泛地用于结构钢。工具钢、不锈耐热钢。耐磨钢等合金钢中。[3] 

铝合金

简介

铝是分布较广的元素，在地壳中含量仅次于氧和硅，是金属中含量Zui高的。纯铝密度较低，为2.7g/cm3，有良好的导热、导电性(仅次于Au、Ag、Cu)，延展性好、塑性高，可进行各种机械加工。铝的化学性质活泼，在空气中迅速氧化形成一层致密、牢固的氧化膜，因而具有良好的耐蚀性。但纯铝的强度低，只有通过合金化才能得到可作结构材料使用的各种铝合金。

特点与性质

铝合金的突出特点是密度小、强度高。铝中加入Mn、Mg形成的Al-Mn、Al-Mg合金具有很好的耐蚀性，良好的塑性和较高的强度，称为防锈铝合金，用于制造油箱、容器、管道、铆钉等。硬铝合金的强度较防锈铝合金高，但防蚀性能有所下降，这类合金有Al-Cu-Mg系和Al-Cu-Mg-Zn系。新近开发的高强度硬铝，强度进一步提高，而密度比普通硬铝减小15%，且能挤压成型，可用作摩托车骨架和轮圈等构件。Al-Li合金可制作飞机零件和承受载重的运动器材。

Plastic raw materials

Ferrosilicon is made from coke, steel chips, quartz (or silica)as raw materials by electric furnace smelting. Silicon and oxygencan easily be oxidized into silicon dioxide. Therefore,ferrosilicon is often used as deoxidizer in steelmaking. At thesame time, because of the large amount of heat released during theformation of SIO 2, it is also beneficial to increase thetemperature of molten steel while deoxidizing. Ferrosilicon is usedas alloying element additive.

It is widely used in low alloy structural steel, bonded steel,spring steel, bearing steel, heat resistant steel and electricalsilicon steel. Ferrosilicon is often used as reducing agent inferroalloy production and chemical industry. The silicon content is95%-99%. Pure silicon is commonly used to make monocrystallinesilicon or to prepare non-ferrous metal alloys.

ferromanganese

Ferromanganese is made from manganese ore. Fused in a blastfurnace or electric furnace. Ferromanganese is also a commondeoxidizer in steel. Manganese also has the effect ofdesulfurization and reducing the harmful effect of sulfur. As aresult, almost all kinds of steel and cast iron contain a certainamount of manganese. Ferromanganese is also an important alloyingagent. It is widely used in structural steel. Tool steel, stainlessheat-resistant steel. In alloy steels such as wear-resistantsteels. [3]

Aluminium alloy

brief introduction

Aluminum is a widely distributed element, and its content in thecrust is second only to oxygen and silicon, which is the highest inmetals. Pure aluminium has a low density of 2.7 g/cm3, good thermalconductivity and conductivity (second only to Au, Ag and Cu), goodductility and high plasticity, and can be used for variousmechanical processing. Aluminum has a good corrosion resistancebecause of its active chemical properties and rapid oxidation inair to form a dense and firm oxide film. But the strength of purealuminium is low. Only by alloying can all kinds of aluminiumalloys which can be used as structural materials be obtained.

Characteristics and Properties

The outstanding characteristics of aluminium alloy are lowdensity and high strength. Al-Mn and Al-Mg alloys formed by addingMn and Mg into aluminium have good corrosion resistance, goodplasticity and high strength. They are called anti-rust aluminiumalloys and are used to manufacture oil tanks, containers,pipelines, rivets, etc. The strength of hard aluminium alloy ishigher than that of rust-proof aluminium alloy, but the corrosionresistance of hard aluminium alloy decreases. These alloys includeAl-Cu-Mg system and Al-Cu-Mg-Zn system. The newly developed highstrength hard aluminium can further improve its strength and reduceits density by 15% compared with ordinary hard aluminium. It canalso be extruded and used as components such as motorcycle skeletonand wheel rim. Al-Li alloy can be used to make aircraft parts andhigh-grade sports e to bear load.